五、阅读理解。
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:文化习俗 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
[2025 无锡市天一实验学校期中]① In Chinese celebrations, whether it is an important birthday or a traditional festival, one of the most typical(典型的) elements(元素) is the lucky and auspicious(吉祥的) symbols.
② To most Chinese people, when it comes to lucky symbols, the top three are surely fu, lu and shou.
③ During Chinese New Year, we would put up red squares with the character fu on them. Some people would put their fu character upside down.
④ Lu often has something to do with one's job and richness. Lu means good pay and ranks(等级) in ancient China. Hulu, or gourds(葫芦), sounds like hulu(护禄). So people use gourds to scare away bad spirits and illnesses and keep rich and successful.
⑤ Shou means longevity. When someone is having his birthday celebration, we would call this person shouxing. At birthday parties for elder people, we often see peaches. According to the legend, the Queen Mother of the West grows peaches in her own garden, and whoever eats these peaches will live forever.
⑥ Besides the three, lucky and auspicious symbols can also be easily found in food. For the Chinese New Year dinner, most families would have fish because it sounds like "surplus(有余)". In southern China, niangao, a kind of rice cake, is a lucky food because niangao sounds like "getting higher every year".
1. The writer mainly tells us about
A. typical traditional Chinese festivals
B. the secrets of richness and success
C. traditional Chinese eating culture
D. Chinese lucky and auspicious symbols
2. When a Chinese person wants to get a better job, he or she may
A. call shouxing for help
B. wear a gourd with him or her
C. grow peaches in his or her garden
D. have tangyuan with family often
3. The structure of the passage may be "
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:文化习俗 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
[2025 无锡市天一实验学校期中]① In Chinese celebrations, whether it is an important birthday or a traditional festival, one of the most typical(典型的) elements(元素) is the lucky and auspicious(吉祥的) symbols.
② To most Chinese people, when it comes to lucky symbols, the top three are surely fu, lu and shou.
③ During Chinese New Year, we would put up red squares with the character fu on them. Some people would put their fu character upside down.
④ Lu often has something to do with one's job and richness. Lu means good pay and ranks(等级) in ancient China. Hulu, or gourds(葫芦), sounds like hulu(护禄). So people use gourds to scare away bad spirits and illnesses and keep rich and successful.
⑤ Shou means longevity. When someone is having his birthday celebration, we would call this person shouxing. At birthday parties for elder people, we often see peaches. According to the legend, the Queen Mother of the West grows peaches in her own garden, and whoever eats these peaches will live forever.
⑥ Besides the three, lucky and auspicious symbols can also be easily found in food. For the Chinese New Year dinner, most families would have fish because it sounds like "surplus(有余)". In southern China, niangao, a kind of rice cake, is a lucky food because niangao sounds like "getting higher every year".
1. The writer mainly tells us about
D
.A. typical traditional Chinese festivals
B. the secrets of richness and success
C. traditional Chinese eating culture
D. Chinese lucky and auspicious symbols
2. When a Chinese person wants to get a better job, he or she may
B
.A. call shouxing for help
B. wear a gourd with him or her
C. grow peaches in his or her garden
D. have tangyuan with family often
3. The structure of the passage may be "
D
".答案：[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了中国文化中幸运吉祥的象征。
1. D 主旨大意题。根据“To most Chinese people, when it comes to lucky symbols, the top three are surely fu, lu and shou.”及全文可知,本文主要介绍了中国文化中幸运吉祥的象征。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,“葫芦”听起来像“护禄”,意思是“保护禄”,所以中国人想要一份更好的工作时,会随身带一个葫芦。
3. D 篇章结构题。第一段是讲在中国的庆祝活动中,最典型的元素之一是幸运和吉祥的寓意;第二段是介绍幸运和吉祥的象征——福、禄、寿;第三、四、五段分别介绍了福、禄、寿的含义及应用;最后一段介绍了除福、禄、寿这三个以外,有这种寓意的还有一些食物,所以本文结构如D选项所示。
1. D 主旨大意题。根据“To most Chinese people, when it comes to lucky symbols, the top three are surely fu, lu and shou.”及全文可知,本文主要介绍了中国文化中幸运吉祥的象征。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,“葫芦”听起来像“护禄”,意思是“保护禄”,所以中国人想要一份更好的工作时,会随身带一个葫芦。
3. D 篇章结构题。第一段是讲在中国的庆祝活动中,最典型的元素之一是幸运和吉祥的寓意;第二段是介绍幸运和吉祥的象征——福、禄、寿;第三、四、五段分别介绍了福、禄、寿的含义及应用;最后一段介绍了除福、禄、寿这三个以外,有这种寓意的还有一些食物,所以本文结构如D选项所示。
解析：
【分析】
要解决篇章结构题，需先梳理文章各段落的内容逻辑：第①段总述中国庆祝活动中典型元素是吉祥象征；第②段引出核心吉祥象征“福、禄、寿”；第③-⑤段分别详细介绍福、禄、寿的含义与应用；第⑥段补充介绍其他吉祥的食物类象征。整体结构为“总起→分述（福禄寿细节+其他象征）”，需匹配对应结构的选项。
【解析】
逐一分析选项结构：
A选项：节点1连接2、6，节点3连接4、5，不符合文章段落逻辑（第②段是引出福禄寿的核心节点，并非中间分支）；
B选项：节点1连接2，节点2连接3、4、5、6，错误，第⑥段是补充内容，并非从第②段直接分出的并列分支；
C选项：节点1连接2、3，节点3连接4、5、6，错误，第②段是整体引出，不是节点1的并列分支，且节点3对应福禄寿的分支逻辑不符；
D选项：节点1连接2和6（对应第①段总起，第②段讲福禄寿，第⑥段讲其他象征），节点2连接3、4、5（对应第②段引出的福禄寿三个分支），完全匹配文章结构。
【答案】
D
【知识点】
阅读理解、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本题考查对说明文篇章结构的分析能力，需先理清各段落的逻辑关系，再匹配对应结构选项，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
要解决篇章结构题，需先梳理文章各段落的内容逻辑：第①段总述中国庆祝活动中典型元素是吉祥象征；第②段引出核心吉祥象征“福、禄、寿”；第③-⑤段分别详细介绍福、禄、寿的含义与应用；第⑥段补充介绍其他吉祥的食物类象征。整体结构为“总起→分述（福禄寿细节+其他象征）”，需匹配对应结构的选项。
【解析】
逐一分析选项结构：
A选项：节点1连接2、6，节点3连接4、5，不符合文章段落逻辑（第②段是引出福禄寿的核心节点，并非中间分支）；
B选项：节点1连接2，节点2连接3、4、5、6，错误，第⑥段是补充内容，并非从第②段直接分出的并列分支；
C选项：节点1连接2、3，节点3连接4、5、6，错误，第②段是整体引出，不是节点1的并列分支，且节点3对应福禄寿的分支逻辑不符；
D选项：节点1连接2和6（对应第①段总起，第②段讲福禄寿，第⑥段讲其他象征），节点2连接3、4、5（对应第②段引出的福禄寿三个分支），完全匹配文章结构。
【答案】
D
【知识点】
阅读理解、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本题考查对说明文篇章结构的分析能力，需先理清各段落的逻辑关系，再匹配对应结构选项，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6