四、阅读理解。（24分）
A(2025·安徽合肥新站区期末)
Many countries have important festivals. They celebrate their culture and history. Here are four fun festivals from different countries.
（
A. Lights. B. Sweets. C. Clothes. D. Cars.
（
A. By driving colourful cars. B. By cooking delicious food.
C. By wearing different clothes. D. By splashing water on others.
（
A. Diwali. B. Carnevale. C. Carnaval. D. Songkran.
（
A. Their times. B. Their traditions. C. Clothes. D. Cars.
A(2025·安徽合肥新站区期末)
Many countries have important festivals. They celebrate their culture and history. Here are four fun festivals from different countries.
（
B
）1. What do people share on Diwali?A. Lights. B. Sweets. C. Clothes. D. Cars.
（
C
）2. How do people show themselves on Carnevale?A. By driving colourful cars. B. By cooking delicious food.
C. By wearing different clothes. D. By splashing water on others.
（
D
）3. Which festival is like the Spring Festival in China?A. Diwali. B. Carnevale. C. Carnaval. D. Songkran.
（
B
）4. What can we know about all the four festivals?A. Their times. B. Their traditions. C. Clothes. D. Cars.
答案：四 A
1. B 【解析】根据“Diwali in India... Families wish for health and happiness, and they share sweets with friends.”可知，在印度的排灯节，人们会分享糖果。
2. C 【解析】根据“Carnevale is a lively festival celebrated in Italy... as everyone can show themselves through different clothes.”可知，在意大利的狂欢节，人们通过穿不同的衣服来展示自己。
3. D 【解析】根据“Songkran in Thailand is the Thai New Year festival... This festival brings joy and happiness. It means a new start for everyone.”可知，宋干节是泰国的新年，类似于中国的春节，它同样意味着新的开始。
4. B 【解析】根据表格中对四个节日的具体描述可知，本文对它们的节日传统都进行了介绍。
1. B 【解析】根据“Diwali in India... Families wish for health and happiness, and they share sweets with friends.”可知，在印度的排灯节，人们会分享糖果。
2. C 【解析】根据“Carnevale is a lively festival celebrated in Italy... as everyone can show themselves through different clothes.”可知，在意大利的狂欢节，人们通过穿不同的衣服来展示自己。
3. D 【解析】根据“Songkran in Thailand is the Thai New Year festival... This festival brings joy and happiness. It means a new start for everyone.”可知，宋干节是泰国的新年，类似于中国的春节，它同样意味着新的开始。
4. B 【解析】根据表格中对四个节日的具体描述可知，本文对它们的节日传统都进行了介绍。
解析：
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解的细节理解题，需根据各小题的关键词定位原文对应内容，将选项与原文信息逐一比对，排除错误选项，选出正确答案。
【解析】1. 根据原文中“Diwali in India... Families wish for health and happiness, and they share sweets with friends.”可知，在印度排灯节，人们会与朋友分享糖果，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 根据原文中“Carnevale is a lively festival celebrated in Italy... as everyone can show themselves through different clothes.”可知，意大利狂欢节上，人们通过穿不同的衣服来展示自己，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 根据原文中“Songkran in Thailand is the Thai New Year festival... It means a new start for everyone.”可知，泰国宋干节是泰国的新年，意味着新的开始，与中国春节类似，对应选项D，故选D。
4. 原文分别介绍了四个节日的庆祝传统，未提及所有节日的时间、衣服（仅部分节日提到）、汽车（仅Carnaval提到），因此四个节日共同介绍的是传统，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、节日文化
【点评】本文介绍了四个不同国家的特色节日，题型为细节理解题，考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，难度适中，是初中期末常见的阅读理解题型，有助于学生积累节日相关的英语知识。
【难度系数】0.4
【解析】1. 根据原文中“Diwali in India... Families wish for health and happiness, and they share sweets with friends.”可知，在印度排灯节，人们会与朋友分享糖果，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 根据原文中“Carnevale is a lively festival celebrated in Italy... as everyone can show themselves through different clothes.”可知，意大利狂欢节上，人们通过穿不同的衣服来展示自己，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 根据原文中“Songkran in Thailand is the Thai New Year festival... It means a new start for everyone.”可知，泰国宋干节是泰国的新年，意味着新的开始，与中国春节类似，对应选项D，故选D。
4. 原文分别介绍了四个节日的庆祝传统，未提及所有节日的时间、衣服（仅部分节日提到）、汽车（仅Carnaval提到），因此四个节日共同介绍的是传统，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、节日文化
【点评】本文介绍了四个不同国家的特色节日，题型为细节理解题，考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，难度适中，是初中期末常见的阅读理解题型，有助于学生积累节日相关的英语知识。
【难度系数】0.4
B(2026·扬州市高邮期末)
China has 56 ethnic groups. Most people know the Han people, but the other 55 groups also have colourful traditions. One of the most exciting festivals is the Torch Festival(火把节). Ethnic groups like the Yi and Bai celebrate the Torch Festival. It takes place on the 24th day of the sixth lunar month and lasts for three days and nights. You can see it in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou. For the Yi people, it is the most important holiday of the year.
They celebrate it for two reasons. First, it comes from their respect for fire. People believe fire can drive away bad luck, insects, and evil. It can also protect their homes and crops. The second reason is a hero(英雄) story. A brave boy kills a bad man who brings bad luck. After the boy wins, people light torches to celebrate.
During the festival, there are many fun activities. Women make new clothes, and men prepare for games. At night, people go to the square in their best clothes. The most exciting moment is lighting the big torch tower. It can be over 20 metres high! When the fire starts, the sky becomes bright. Young people sing and dance around the torch tower. There are also games like bullfighting, wrestling, and horse racing.
Today, many tourists come to enjoy the festival, helping the local economy. But the spirit stays the same—family, joy, and hope for a good future.
(
A. It happens in winter.
B. It's a one-day holiday.
C. It's for good wishes.
D. It's a tradition for the Han people.
(
(
A. 希望
B. 美好
C. 邪恶
D. 寒冷
(
A. Why do they light the big torch tower?
B. Where do they spend the Torch Festival?
C. What do they wear at the Torch Festival?
D. How do they celebrate the Torch Festival?
China has 56 ethnic groups. Most people know the Han people, but the other 55 groups also have colourful traditions. One of the most exciting festivals is the Torch Festival(火把节). Ethnic groups like the Yi and Bai celebrate the Torch Festival. It takes place on the 24th day of the sixth lunar month and lasts for three days and nights. You can see it in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou. For the Yi people, it is the most important holiday of the year.
They celebrate it for two reasons. First, it comes from their respect for fire. People believe fire can drive away bad luck, insects, and evil. It can also protect their homes and crops. The second reason is a hero(英雄) story. A brave boy kills a bad man who brings bad luck. After the boy wins, people light torches to celebrate.
During the festival, there are many fun activities. Women make new clothes, and men prepare for games. At night, people go to the square in their best clothes. The most exciting moment is lighting the big torch tower. It can be over 20 metres high! When the fire starts, the sky becomes bright. Young people sing and dance around the torch tower. There are also games like bullfighting, wrestling, and horse racing.
Today, many tourists come to enjoy the festival, helping the local economy. But the spirit stays the same—family, joy, and hope for a good future.
(
C
)5. Which of the following is TRUE about the Torch Festival?A. It happens in winter.
B. It's a one-day holiday.
C. It's for good wishes.
D. It's a tradition for the Han people.
(
B
)6. 新考法 图片选择 Which picture shows where the Torch Festival (★) takes place on the map of China?(
C
)7. What does the underlined word "evil" mean in Paragraph 2?A. 希望
B. 美好
C. 邪恶
D. 寒冷
(
D
)8. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. Why do they light the big torch tower?
B. Where do they spend the Torch Festival?
C. What do they wear at the Torch Festival?
D. How do they celebrate the Torch Festival?
答案：B
5. C 【解析】根据第二段中“People believe fire can drive away bad luck... It can also protect their homes and crops.”及最后一段中“hope for a good future”可知，火把节承载着美好的愿望。
6. B 【解析】根据第一段中“You can see it in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou.”可知，火把节主要在中国的西南地区(云南、四川、贵州)举行，对应地图上的西南方向。
7. C 【解析】根据第二段中“People believe fire can drive away bad luck, insects, and evils.”可知，“evils”与“bad luck”并列，是需要用火驱赶的负面事物，因此意为“邪恶”。
8. D
5. C 【解析】根据第二段中“People believe fire can drive away bad luck... It can also protect their homes and crops.”及最后一段中“hope for a good future”可知，火把节承载着美好的愿望。
6. B 【解析】根据第一段中“You can see it in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou.”可知，火把节主要在中国的西南地区(云南、四川、贵州)举行，对应地图上的西南方向。
7. C 【解析】根据第二段中“People believe fire can drive away bad luck, insects, and evils.”可知，“evils”与“bad luck”并列，是需要用火驱赶的负面事物，因此意为“邪恶”。
8. D
解析：
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合文章内容解答细节理解、词义猜测、主旨类题目。解题思路：先通读全文把握火把节的相关信息，再针对每个小题，定位到原文对应段落，分析选项与原文的匹配度，排除不符合原文的错误选项，选出正确答案。
【解析】5. 根据第二段中“People believe fire can drive away bad luck, insects, and evil. It can also protect their homes and crops.”及最后一段“hope for a good future”可知，火把节承载着美好的愿望，故选C。6. 根据第一段中“You can see it in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou.”可知，火把节主要在中国西南地区举行，对应地图上的西南方向，故选B。7. 根据第二段中“evil”与“bad luck”并列，是需要用火驱赶的负面事物，可知其意为“邪恶”，故选C。8. 第三段主要介绍火把节期间的各类活动，即如何庆祝火把节，故选D。
【答案】5.C 6.B 7.C 8.D
【知识点】阅读理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】本题围绕中国少数民族火把节展开，考查学生对文章细节、词义及段落主旨的理解，需准确提取原文关键信息，结合语境分析选项，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3
【解析】5. 根据第二段中“People believe fire can drive away bad luck, insects, and evil. It can also protect their homes and crops.”及最后一段“hope for a good future”可知，火把节承载着美好的愿望，故选C。6. 根据第一段中“You can see it in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou.”可知，火把节主要在中国西南地区举行，对应地图上的西南方向，故选B。7. 根据第二段中“evil”与“bad luck”并列，是需要用火驱赶的负面事物，可知其意为“邪恶”，故选C。8. 第三段主要介绍火把节期间的各类活动，即如何庆祝火把节，故选D。
【答案】5.C 6.B 7.C 8.D
【知识点】阅读理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】本题围绕中国少数民族火把节展开，考查学生对文章细节、词义及段落主旨的理解，需准确提取原文关键信息，结合语境分析选项，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3