Ⅱ. (2026 宿迁南师附中树人学校月考) 完形填空（古代智慧）
The compass(指南针) brings a lot to the whole world. It is an important in the history of both China and the world. Before it was invented, ancient Chinese at sea had to the stars to find direction(方向). Travelling was in bad weather. The compass allowed them to tell east, west, south or north .
The first compass was called Sinan. It was invented in China over 2,000 years ago. It's said that a farmer wrote down all he had found. In his , he described that some rocks stuck to all the iron(铁) objects. He felt very , because he had never seen that before. After that, people called those rocks magnetite(磁铁矿). They found a phenomenon(现象): the magnetite could point in the same direction if it was hung up in a way. After improvement, the spoon-shaped Sinan was created. Its handle(柄) pointed all the time. Ancient Chinese used it to find to build homes and plant crops.
Later, people developed Sinan into Luopan with a magnetized steel needle. In the 11th century, people started to use the compass for . They could also use it to explore the sea. This made it possible for people to travel across the world's oceans and helped find the New World. As time went on, the compass became more and easier to use. Small mistakes in direction became much fewer. Today, even though there are modern navigation(导航) tools, the compass still an important role in some fields. It us the great wisdom of ancient people and how their inventions have the world.
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The compass(指南针) brings a lot to the whole world. It is an important in the history of both China and the world. Before it was invented, ancient Chinese at sea had to the stars to find direction(方向). Travelling was in bad weather. The compass allowed them to tell east, west, south or north .
The first compass was called Sinan. It was invented in China over 2,000 years ago. It's said that a farmer wrote down all he had found. In his , he described that some rocks stuck to all the iron(铁) objects. He felt very , because he had never seen that before. After that, people called those rocks magnetite(磁铁矿). They found a phenomenon(现象): the magnetite could point in the same direction if it was hung up in a way. After improvement, the spoon-shaped Sinan was created. Its handle(柄) pointed all the time. Ancient Chinese used it to find to build homes and plant crops.
Later, people developed Sinan into Luopan with a magnetized steel needle. In the 11th century, people started to use the compass for . They could also use it to explore the sea. This made it possible for people to travel across the world's oceans and helped find the New World. As time went on, the compass became more and easier to use. Small mistakes in direction became much fewer. Today, even though there are modern navigation(导航) tools, the compass still an important role in some fields. It us the great wisdom of ancient people and how their inventions have the world.
(
B
)5. A. project B. invention C. dream D. plan(
C
)6. A. think of B. care about C. look at D. point at(
D
)7. A. important B. comfortable C. interesting D. difficult(
A
)8. A. easily B. usually C. happily D. patiently(
D
)9. A. promise B. order C. result D. note(
C
)10. A. bored B. relaxed C. surprised D. tired(
A
)11. A. strange B. popular C. main D. simple(
B
)12. A. safe B. right C. sudden D. quiet(
C
)13. A. east B. west C. south D. north(
B
)14. A. pictures B. places C. time D. money(
D
)15. A. writing B. driving C. building D. sailing(
B
)16. A. expensive B. correct C. heavy D. colourful(
A
)17. A. plays B. makes C. takes D. does(
A
)18. A. shows B. teaches C. warns D. brings(
C
)19. A. known B. saved C. changed D. forgotten答案：Ⅱ. 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B
15.D 16.B 17.A 18.A 19.C
15.D 16.B 17.A 18.A 19.C
解析：
【分析】本题是关于中国古代指南针发明的完形填空，解题时需结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析及相关常识，逐一分析每个空的选项，排除不符合语境的答案，选出最恰当的选项。
【解析】5. 根据前文对指南针的描述，可知它是一项重要的发明，A项project（项目）、C项dream（梦想）、D项plan（计划）均不符合，故选B。
6. 古代海上的人需要通过看星星来辨别方向，A项think of（想起）、B项care about（关心）、D项point at（指向）不符合，故选C。
7. 坏天气下旅行会很困难，A项important（重要的）、B项comfortable（舒适的）、C项interesting（有趣的）不符合，故选D。
8. 指南针让人们能容易地辨别方向，A项easily（容易地）符合语境，B项usually（通常）、C项happily（开心地）、D项patiently（耐心地）不符合，故选A。
9. 农民记录发现的内容是在笔记中，A项promise（承诺）、B项order（命令）、C项result（结果）不符合，故选D。
10. 从未见过磁铁矿粘铁的现象，所以感到惊讶，A项bored（无聊的）、B项relaxed（放松的）、D项tired（疲惫的）不符合，故选C。
11. 磁铁矿指向同一方向是奇怪的现象，A项strange（奇怪的）符合，B项popular（流行的）、C项main（主要的）、D项simple（简单的）不符合，故选A。
12. 磁铁矿需要以正确的方式悬挂，A项safe（安全的）、C项sudden（突然的）、D项quiet（安静的）不符合，故选B。
13. 司南的柄指向南方，这是常识，故选C。
14. 指南针用来寻找建家和种庄稼的地方，A项pictures（图片）、C项time（时间）、D项money（钱）不符合，故选B。
15. 11世纪人们开始用指南针航海，A项writing（写作）、B项driving（驾驶）、C项building（建筑）不符合，故选D。
16. 指南针变得更正确易用，A项expensive（昂贵的）、C项heavy（重的）、D项colourful（多彩的）不符合，故选B。
17. 固定搭配play an important role（起重要作用），故选A。
18. 指南针展示了古人的智慧，A项shows（展示）符合，B项teaches（教）、C项warns（警告）、D项brings（带来）不符合，故选A。
19. 古代发明改变了世界，A项known（知道）、B项saved（拯救）、D项forgotten（忘记）不符合，故选C。
【答案】5.B 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.B 17.A 18.A 19.C
【知识点】完形填空词汇辨析、语境理解、固定搭配
【点评】本题以中国古代指南针的发明为主题，考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力及词汇的运用能力，解题时需结合常识和词汇知识，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】5. 根据前文对指南针的描述，可知它是一项重要的发明，A项project（项目）、C项dream（梦想）、D项plan（计划）均不符合，故选B。
6. 古代海上的人需要通过看星星来辨别方向，A项think of（想起）、B项care about（关心）、D项point at（指向）不符合，故选C。
7. 坏天气下旅行会很困难，A项important（重要的）、B项comfortable（舒适的）、C项interesting（有趣的）不符合，故选D。
8. 指南针让人们能容易地辨别方向，A项easily（容易地）符合语境，B项usually（通常）、C项happily（开心地）、D项patiently（耐心地）不符合，故选A。
9. 农民记录发现的内容是在笔记中，A项promise（承诺）、B项order（命令）、C项result（结果）不符合，故选D。
10. 从未见过磁铁矿粘铁的现象，所以感到惊讶，A项bored（无聊的）、B项relaxed（放松的）、D项tired（疲惫的）不符合，故选C。
11. 磁铁矿指向同一方向是奇怪的现象，A项strange（奇怪的）符合，B项popular（流行的）、C项main（主要的）、D项simple（简单的）不符合，故选A。
12. 磁铁矿需要以正确的方式悬挂，A项safe（安全的）、C项sudden（突然的）、D项quiet（安静的）不符合，故选B。
13. 司南的柄指向南方，这是常识，故选C。
14. 指南针用来寻找建家和种庄稼的地方，A项pictures（图片）、C项time（时间）、D项money（钱）不符合，故选B。
15. 11世纪人们开始用指南针航海，A项writing（写作）、B项driving（驾驶）、C项building（建筑）不符合，故选D。
16. 指南针变得更正确易用，A项expensive（昂贵的）、C项heavy（重的）、D项colourful（多彩的）不符合，故选B。
17. 固定搭配play an important role（起重要作用），故选A。
18. 指南针展示了古人的智慧，A项shows（展示）符合，B项teaches（教）、C项warns（警告）、D项brings（带来）不符合，故选A。
19. 古代发明改变了世界，A项known（知道）、B项saved（拯救）、D项forgotten（忘记）不符合，故选C。
【答案】5.B 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.B 17.A 18.A 19.C
【知识点】完形填空词汇辨析、语境理解、固定搭配
【点评】本题以中国古代指南针的发明为主题，考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力及词汇的运用能力，解题时需结合常识和词汇知识，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6