四、阅读理解
A
How many kinds of plants are there in the world? Lucy Braun wondered that as a child. She showed great interest in plants at a young age. She often had energetic walks with her family through the nearby woods. Some plants and wildflowers seemed to shout at her with their wild colours. Others hid behind rocks.
Taking Root
Lucy looked at the shapes of leaves as she walked in the woods. She kept a record of what she saw. She also learnt to draw what she saw. Then she could compare all kinds of plants. Later, Lucy grew more and more interested in botany, the study of plants.
Branching Out
At university, Lucy took classes in geology, or the study of rocks and minerals. Her work with geologists changed how she looked at the natural world. She continued her studies in botany as well. Lucy also took classes in ecology (生态学). Lucy believed that plant life in some areas was able to move to other places over time.
In Full Bloom
In 1917, Lucy began to teach botany at a university. She lived in a house near the woods. Lucy collected plants from all around the country. She took many photos of them too. Colour photography was still new then. Because of that, people enjoyed her lessons and photos a lot.
The ▲ of Labour
Later in her life, Lucy wrote many field guides. In 1950, she published her most important guide. It describes the plants in the forests across the country. Ecologists still use it to study changes in the forests over time.
Today, Lucy has a few plants named after her. One of them is Lucy Braun’s snakeroot, which is now in danger. Lucy’s work in the protection of nature may help prevent its disappearance.
Lucy Braun lived to be 81. In her years as a botanist, Lucy collected nearly 12,000 plants!
() 36. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 1?
A. The plants appeared to be full of life.
B. The plants could talk just like humans.
C. The plants seemed to be angry with Lucy.
D. The plants were looked after well by Lucy.
() 37. Which of the following can be put in “▲” in the last part?
A. Causes B. Records C. Flowers D. Fruits
() 38. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. The protection of plants B. The collection of plants
C. The story of a great scientist D. The lesson by a scientist
A
How many kinds of plants are there in the world? Lucy Braun wondered that as a child. She showed great interest in plants at a young age. She often had energetic walks with her family through the nearby woods. Some plants and wildflowers seemed to shout at her with their wild colours. Others hid behind rocks.
Taking Root
Lucy looked at the shapes of leaves as she walked in the woods. She kept a record of what she saw. She also learnt to draw what she saw. Then she could compare all kinds of plants. Later, Lucy grew more and more interested in botany, the study of plants.
Branching Out
At university, Lucy took classes in geology, or the study of rocks and minerals. Her work with geologists changed how she looked at the natural world. She continued her studies in botany as well. Lucy also took classes in ecology (生态学). Lucy believed that plant life in some areas was able to move to other places over time.
In Full Bloom
In 1917, Lucy began to teach botany at a university. She lived in a house near the woods. Lucy collected plants from all around the country. She took many photos of them too. Colour photography was still new then. Because of that, people enjoyed her lessons and photos a lot.
The ▲ of Labour
Later in her life, Lucy wrote many field guides. In 1950, she published her most important guide. It describes the plants in the forests across the country. Ecologists still use it to study changes in the forests over time.
Today, Lucy has a few plants named after her. One of them is Lucy Braun’s snakeroot, which is now in danger. Lucy’s work in the protection of nature may help prevent its disappearance.
Lucy Braun lived to be 81. In her years as a botanist, Lucy collected nearly 12,000 plants!
() 36. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 1?
A. The plants appeared to be full of life.
B. The plants could talk just like humans.
C. The plants seemed to be angry with Lucy.
D. The plants were looked after well by Lucy.
() 37. Which of the following can be put in “▲” in the last part?
A. Causes B. Records C. Flowers D. Fruits
() 38. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. The protection of plants B. The collection of plants
C. The story of a great scientist D. The lesson by a scientist
答案：36.A 37.D 38.C
解析：
【分析】本题为人物传记类阅读理解，共3道小题，分别考查词义猜测、标题补全、主旨大意。解题时需结合上下文语境、修辞手法、固定短语搭配及全文核心内容逐一分析：36题需通过划线句的拟人修辞判断词义；37题要结合最后一段内容与短语搭配补全标题；38题需梳理全文核心确定主旨。
【解析】
36题：划线句运用拟人手法，“shout”“wild colours”生动表现植物充满生机，A选项符合语境；B选项仅字面理解“shout”，不符合实际；C选项“生气”无依据；D选项“被Lucy照顾”未提及，故选A。
37题：最后一段讲述Lucy晚年的研究成果，固定短语“the fruits of labour”意为“劳动成果”，契合语境，故选D。
38题：全文围绕植物学家Lucy Braun的生平、研究与贡献展开，A选项“植物保护”仅为部分内容；B选项“植物收集”是其工作之一，非主旨；C选项“伟大科学家的故事”贴合全文；D选项“科学家的课程”仅为细节，故选C。
【答案】36.A 37.D 38.C
【知识点】阅读理解（词义猜测）、阅读理解（主旨大意）、阅读理解（标题归纳）
【点评】本题为人物传记类阅读，考查学生对词义、短语及文章主旨的理解，难度适中，需结合语境分析，适合初中学生巩固阅读技巧。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】
36题：划线句运用拟人手法，“shout”“wild colours”生动表现植物充满生机，A选项符合语境；B选项仅字面理解“shout”，不符合实际；C选项“生气”无依据；D选项“被Lucy照顾”未提及，故选A。
37题：最后一段讲述Lucy晚年的研究成果，固定短语“the fruits of labour”意为“劳动成果”，契合语境，故选D。
38题：全文围绕植物学家Lucy Braun的生平、研究与贡献展开，A选项“植物保护”仅为部分内容；B选项“植物收集”是其工作之一，非主旨；C选项“伟大科学家的故事”贴合全文；D选项“科学家的课程”仅为细节，故选C。
【答案】36.A 37.D 38.C
【知识点】阅读理解（词义猜测）、阅读理解（主旨大意）、阅读理解（标题归纳）
【点评】本题为人物传记类阅读，考查学生对词义、短语及文章主旨的理解，难度适中，需结合语境分析，适合初中学生巩固阅读技巧。
【难度系数】0.7